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PGM-19 Jupiter
The PGM-19 Jupiter was the first medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) of the United States Air Force (USAF). It was a liquid-propellant rocket using RP-1 fuel and LOX oxidizer, with a single Rocketdyne LR70-NA (model S-3D) rocket engine producing 667 kN of thrust. It was armed with the 1.1 megaton W49 nuclear warhead. The prime contractor was the Chrysler Corporation.
The Jupiter was originally designed by the US Army, who was looking for a highly accurate missile designed to strike high-value targets like bridges, railway yards, troop concentrations and the like. The Navy also expressed an interest in the design as an SLBM, but left the collaboration to work on their Poseidon. Jupiter retained the short, squat shape intended to fit in submarines.
The Army set accuracy goals so high that some expressed skepticism, but the team successfully designed a system with a circular error probable (CEP) of , substantially more accurate than similar designs like the US Air Force's Thor. This led to continual interservice fighting between the Army and Air Force, and ultimately to Charles Erwin Wilson's decision to give the Jupiter missiles to the Air Force.
The Air Force was never greatly interested in supporting Jupiter, but the missiles were deployed in Italy and Turkey in 1961 as part of NATO's Cold War deterrent against the Soviet Union. All were removed by the United States as part of a secret agreement with the Soviet Union during the Cuban Missile Crisis. It was also used as the basis for a satellite launcher known as Juno II, but had a short and unsuccessful career in this role.
==Development history==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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